Motor control theories
Theory | |
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Reflex theory | Through classical reflex theory, complex human behavior is determined by the combinations of reflexes and responses in different parts. The limitation is that it is difficult to explain “free will” and movements that occur without sensory stimulation and new movements. |
Hierarchical theory | In terms of hierarchy, the nervous system is hierarchically organized, follows a top-down control approach, and the motor behavior at the lower level is primitive and immature. It is difficult to explain reflexive behavior. Recently, the concept that the higher center regulates all movements has been revised. Current neuro-computational model theory incorporate and renewal this theory. |
Motor programming theory | The content and order of movement are formed in the nervous system in advance. It is observed that even if there is no afferent stimulation or sensory feedback is blocked, sequential and patterned movements are possible. Schmidt’s schema theory and central pattern generator of gait are representatives. |
Ecological theory | The motor system performs appropriate and goal-oriented exercises through interaction with the environment. Affordance is detected and movement is made through environmental characteristics. |
Dynamic system theory | Movement is performed through the interaction of many systems, and movement cannot be controlled by the nervous system alone. It is characterized by system dynamics, self-organization, and emergence. Limitations may overlook the importance of the role of the nervous system. |